Pump



Oct. 1l, 1932. F. J. RAYFIELD 1,881,951

` PUMP Filed Nov. 15, 1929 2 sheets-sheet 1 VE DE.

2 Sheets-Sheet 2 F. J. RAYFIELD PUMP i@ .IAM 5 l Filed NOV. l5, 1929 Cet. l1, 1932.

cross head.

Patented Octpll, 1932 1 UNITED A s'rAfli'is PATENT-.OFFICE ria-:seamen tnAYrrELn oF cHIcAGdILLINoIs, AssIeNoR To CHAMPION P NEUMATrc MACHINERY COMPANY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION F ILLINOISl Mappiieation iiiea November 15, 1929. seriai ivo.l 4oz/,38s.

Y An importantobject of the invention is to provide'an improved arrangement for lubricating automatically thevarious operating partsV of the pump, .the feature o f .the lubricating arrangement being the positive pump? ing or centrifugal discharge of oilfroina mainoil chamber through the connecting rod and from there throughthe wrist pin to the Another important object of the invention resides in simplified arrangement forv the plunger cylinder, particularly in a lining therefor which can berreadily removed and replaced without disturbing other elements of the pump. p l.

Another feature resides in improved valve structure and arrangementV for controlling the flow of fluid through the pump, improved unitary valve structures being provided 'which are readily removable for inspection or repair.

Other features of c onstruction, arrangement and operation will be apparent from the following specification and the accompanying drawings. On the drawings v Figure 1` is a vertical transverse section through the pump; t Figure 2 is an enlarged section onrplane II-II of Figure 1;`

`Figure 3 is an enlarged III-III of Figure 1; y

Figure 4 is an enlarged vertical section through the connecting rod and the eccentric; and f section on plane Figure 5 is a developed'view of the cylin-` drical surface of the eccentric showing the oil collecting and pumping grooves.

The pump frame comprises the lower orV base part and the upper'part 11, which parts may be in the form of castings and detachably secured together. Within the base part is the crank chamber 12which also acts as a lubricating oil reservoir through` which oil may be supplied through a plugged opening 13. A crank shaft/14 is journalled in opposite sides of the base and carries a driving pulley 15. vSecured onvthe2 shaft eccentric member 16 received by thehead 17 Y Von the lower end ofthe connecting .rod 18,

which, at its upper end, has the transverse opening 19 for receiving the wrist pin 2 0 the cross' lhead structure-211. flllie.wrist` pin 2()` may be anchored in either the crosshead extending diametrally of, andsupported by P5 or the connecting rod.V Thel crossheadis- Y.

cylindrical'and is n guided in the cylindrical '.66

guide sleeve 22 supported by a transverse wall 22 forming partof the base 10'.` The cross head has. a top 23`which t-hreadedly.re-V ceives the lower endofv the piston rod24` eX- teiiding downwardly from the plunger struc-2,'

ture. The piston rod extends through a packingk glandstructure 25 supported by a l I transverse Vwall1 26 forming part 'ofy the frame 11. i f

, A cylinder 27 for the plunger 'structure forms part, of the frame 11 and has its lower end contracted slightly to form i a 'seating shoulder or ledge 28 for the liner 'or bushing 29 of brass or other suitable material. At

its upper end the cylinder has the threaded "f5 counter-boreV 30 for receivingthe shouldered,l t collar 31 for engaging the upper Aend ofthe liner 29 to hold it securely withinthe cylin- Ader against its seat 28.

The plunger structure comprises upper and lower oppositely directed and leather Vwashered plunger members 32 and 33 which may be adjusted on the threaded upper'end of the piston rod and held in pla-ce by upper, and lower nuts 34 and 35V.` The plunger lis thus double acting. Y ,Y The upper wall 36 of the frame part `ll has the opening'37 whose diameter-.is larger than that of the cylinder lin`er29` and its securing collar 31 so that the collar and liner may be readily'removed from the'cylinder "for replacement or repair. A cover plate or` plug 38 is provided for the opening andis locked in closed position by a suitable yoke .tructure 39. A suitable gasket 40 maybe' provided for the cover plate to prevent leak- `age. Y. i f Between the upper side wall section 41 o f the frame part 11 and the cylinder- 27 isan intermediate wall `4c2vlwliich with theucylin-f i chamber 43 is by way valve .structure der wall forms an intake chamber 43 connected with a fluid intake pipe 44. The opposite side wall section 45 of the frame part 11 and the cylinder wall form Athe discharge chamber 46 connected with the discharge pipe 47. Between the upper end of the cylinder and the top-'wall 36 of the frame 11- is the fluid passage 48 whose connection with the intake .of a port49 through the wall 42,y thisv port being controlled by a check valve structure A. 'Between the lower end of the cylinder and the wall Y26 is they fluid passage 50A whose communication with the lintake chamber 43 is by way of a port passage 51 which is controlled by a check valve structure B. The connection of the passageway 48 with the discharge chamber 46 isthrough a port 52 controlled by a check Y C, andthe connection of the passage 50 with lthe discharge chamber is through a port 53 controlled by a 1' check valve structure D.l Y V' f 'f The valve structures are' all alike and the details of constructionare clearly shown in Figure 3. Each valve structure comprisesa cylindrical cage 54 open at its" inner end and closed at its outer'end and` having external threads 55 for detachably seating it in its respective supportingwall. 'Figure shows the valve structure C vandits cage is seated in the wall 45. -An abutment flange 56 on the l cagelirnits 'its inward movement and also assists in sealing against leakage. Telescopically engaging y.in each cage is a sleeve 57 Whose outer end 58 forms a valvehead presenting an annular valve ridge 59 forseat ing against a bushing 60 withinthe respective'luid port. In Figure 3, the bushing. is within the port 52.

Within each sleeve is a compression spring 61 abutting against thevalve head and the Aendof the cage and tending to force the valve head outwardly against its seating bushing. ,At its inner end the cage of each valvefstructure has passageways 62 whichregister with passageways 63 through the valve sleeve when the valve head is in seating 'engage-v ment with its seat bushing.v

l501.- `Describing now the operation of the pump,

when theplunger structure is moving downwardly there will be suction effect, abovethe yplunger structure and in the passage 48', and `this suction effect will hold the valve of the valve structure C firmly Aagainst its seat to Iclose the port 52.V The suction effect'will ialso be communicated to the interior of the valve structure A through. the registering passages 62 and 63, and the valve. will be moved from its lseat and will then be held fromits seat while the fluid is beingdrawn from the intake chamber 43 through the po-rt 49 and into they passagev 48. As the plunger movesy downwardly, a charge o f fluid is Vdrawn in itswake, and in advance ofthe plunger the fluid is Abeing forced into the the passage 50 in 'eccentrichead Y .the pump. In the surface vof 'the Veccentric 16 are sets of oilrgrooves 64 and 65 eXtendrnecting rod. connecting; rod is lined with a bushing 68 wrist pin 20 which is shown 'las beingtubular, and the bushing and wrist respectively, registering with the 'the trough `te'rior of the cross head and .back to the oil sump.

valve head of the valve structurel) and opening the port 53 forl the flow of the fluid into the discharge chamber 46 and out through the discharge p-ipe 47. communicated to the'interi'or of the valve structure B through the registering passage- Ways'62 and 63 of the valve structure and the pressure will then assist the valve spring in holding "the valve head to its seat toclose the port 51. Vhen the plunger starts lits upward. stroke, and also the valve A, and valves l will be `open so that fluid can. be taken into the*v wake of the rising plunger, and the fluid-1 will be discharged from above theplungerthroughthe passage 48, port 52, discharge 'chamber 46,!Y and the discharge pipe 47. l

The pressure is also the valve D will be'closed, .B and C,

'chamber 12 'formsan oil sump forrlubricating oil .through which the eccentric 16'and 17 'pass during operation of ing from the opposite sides of the eccentric and converging to vn'ieet and communicate with a recess or pocket 66 in the eccentricY head 17. Theveccentri'crotates in the direc'- tionindicated by arrows on Figs. 1 and A5? plunees'throush the Oils and as it rotates .and the oil grooves of geach ,set scoop up oilat their outer ends and the pressure and centrifugal action cause this oil to flow along the grooves and into the pocket 66 fro-mwhere `the oil is forced up through `the, passageway 67 vextending'longitudinally'through the con-V The bearing opening 19 for the surrounding the pin have passagesV 70 and 71,

duct 67. TheA oil` which is forced up through the duct 67 thus lflows into the tubular wrist pin and outV at the .ends thereof and between the cross head 21 and Aitsguide sleeve 22 tio lubricate the bearing surfacesl of the cross head and pin. .Y

surroundingthe crossmhead is the annular vrecess 72v which collects surplus oil carried upwardly with the cross head, and on top of .the cross headis the annular trough 73 which Thel eccentric depressions or pockets 75 in the sides 'of -thedeccentric 16 serve to `throw At the upper end of the guidey sleeve and f voilffroni the sump to thebearings for the fshaft14. y" f j yFor the plunger structure and, piston rod 'no oil lubrication is necessary as 'the water `130 or other iuid pumped will supply the necessary lubrication.

A guard or hood 77 is secured to the piston rod above the cross head which defiects from the cross head any fluid which might leak out of the gland and conducts it downwardly to the wall 22V from where it flows to the exterior of the pump Vthrough openings 78. Thus no water can get to the cross head or to the crank case.

I thus provide an efficient lubricating system in which the Voil is forced or pumped centrifugally through the connecting rod and through the wrist pin to the cross head bearing, the grooves in the eccentric not only functioning to pump and force oil upwardly through the connecting rod but also to uniformly distribute the oil between the eccentric and the eccentric head for efficient lubrication.

My improved pump structure is of simple and economically manufactured design, and

' all the operating parts are readily accessible for inspection, repair, or replacement.

Changes and modifications can be made without departing from the scope and prining rod to the crosshead'bearing, said guide at its upper end having an annular recess surrounding said cross head,`said cross head having an annular trough .at its upper end for recelving surplusoil from said recess, and said cross head having' a passageway connecting said trough with the interior of saidV kcross head for the l'return of the collected oil to said oil well. Y n

In testimony whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name at Chicago, Cool; County;

Illinois.

FREDERICK J. RAYFIELD. g

ciples of my invention, and Ido not, therefore, desire tobe limited except as necessitated by the prior art. Y

I claim as follows: 1. The combination of asupporting frame providing an oil well at its lower end, a drive shaft extending through said well, an ec- 1 centric on said shaft, a cross head guide above said shaft, a cross head reciprocal in said guide, a plunger above said guide connected with said cross head, a connecting rod receiving said. eccentric at its lower end, 'a Wrist pin connecting the upper end of said connecting rod with said cross he'ad, said connecting'rod having an oil duct extending the entireV length thereof there being oil grooves in the bearing space of said eccentric extending circumferentially along said surface from the sides of the eccentric and terminating intermediate the sides, oil being scooped up by said groove during operation of the shaft and forced therefrom into and through the duct in the connecting rodsaid wrist pin having passageways communicating with said ductto convey oil therefrom to the bearing surface of the cross head, and mea-ns for returning oil working past the crosshead to the interior thereof.

2. The combination of a supporting frame providing an oil well at its lower end, a drive shaft extending through said well, an eccentric on said shaft, a cross head guide above said shaft, a cross head reciprocable insaid guide, a connecting rod receiving said eccentric, a wrist pin journalling said connecting rod on said cross head, there being oil grooves in the surface of said eccentric, said connecting rod having an oil duct communicating with'said oil grooves, said wrist pin having 

